Tree Species Index

Abies alba — European Silver Fir

Common names: European Silver Fir, Silver Fir

Synonyms: Abies abies, Abies argentea, Abies candicans, Abies duplex, Abies excelsa, Abies metensis, Abies miniata, Abies minor, Abies nobilis, Abies pardei, Abies pectinata, Abies picea, Abies rinzii, Abies taxifolia, Abies tenuirifolia, Abies vulgaris, Peuce abies, Picea excelsa, Picea kukunaria, Picea metensis, Picea pectinata, Picea pyramidalis, Picea tenuifolia, Pinus abies, Pinus alba, Pinus baldensis, Pinus heterophylla, Pinus lucida, Pinus pectinata, Pinus picea

European silver fir is an evergreen conifer. European silver fir can be used for timber production.

Abies amabilis — Pacific Silver Fir

Common names: Pacific Silver Fir

Synonyms: Picea amabilis, Pinus amabilis

Pacific silver fir is an evergreen conifer. Pacific silver fir can be used for timber production.

Abies fraseri — Fraser Fir

Common names: Fraser Fir

Synonyms: Abies balsamea subsp. fraseri, Abies balsamea var. fraseri, Abies humilis, Picea fraseri, Pinus fraseri

Fraser fir is an evergreen conifer. Fraser fir can be used for timber production.

Abies grandis — Grand Fir

Common names: Grand Fir

Synonyms: Abies aromatica, Abies excelsior, Abies gordoniana, Abies occidentalis, Abies parsonii, Abies parsonsiana, Picea grandis, Picea parsonsii, Pinus grandis

Grand fir is an evergreen conifer. Grand fir can be used for timber production.

Abies nordmanniana — Caucasian Fir

Common names: Caucasian Fir

Synonyms: Picea nordmanniana, Pinus abies var. nordmanniana, Pinus nordmanniana

Caucasian Fir is an evergreen conifer. Caucasian Fir can be used for timber production.

Abies procera — Noble Fir

Common names: Noble Fir

Synonyms: Abies nobilis, Picea nobilis, Pinus nobilis, Pseudotsuga nobilis

Noble Fir is an evergreen conifer. Noble Fir can be used for timber production.

Acer campestre — Field Maple

Common names: Field Maple

Synonyms: Euacer campestre

Field Maple is a smallish broadleaved hedgerow tree. Can be used as a garden hedge. Field Maple can be useful in shelterbelts.

Alnus glutinosa — Alder

Common names: Alder

Synonyms: Alnus vulgaris, Betula alnus subsp. glutinosa, Betula alnus var. glutinosa, Betula glutinosa

Alder is a smallish broadleaved hedgerow tree. Alder is tolerant of wet ground. Can be used as a garden hedge. Alder can be useful in shelterbelts. Alder is suitable for coppice woodland.

Alsophila dealbata — Silver Tree Fern

Common names: Silver Tree Fern

Synonyms: Alsophila tricolor, Cyathea, Cyathea dealbata, Cyathea falciloba, Cyathea tricolor, Hemitelia falciloba, Polypodium dealbatum

Silver Tree Fern is an exotic fern. Silver Tree Fern can be grown as a houseplant or conservatory plant.

Alsophila fenicis — Lanyu Island Tree Fern

Common names: Lanyu Island Tree Fern

Synonyms: Alsophila fujiiana, Cyathea, Cyathea fenicis, Cyathea fujiiana

Lanyu Island Tree Fern is a rare exotic fern. Lanyu Island Tree Fern can be grown as a houseplant or conservatory plant.

Alsophila loheri — Lohers Tree Fern

Common names: Lohers Tree Fern

Synonyms: Alsophila matthewii, Cyathea, Cyathea campbellii, Cyathea fructuosa, Cyathea indusiosa, Cyathea loheri, Cyathea matthewii, Cyathea mitrata

Lohers Tree Fern is a rare exotic fern. Lohers Tree Fern can be grown as a houseplant or conservatory plant.

Alsophila spinulosa — Large Spiny Tree Fern

Common names: Large Spiny Tree Fern

Synonyms: Alsophila boninsimensis, Alsophila confucii, Alsophila decipiens, Alsophila fauriei, Amphicosmia decipiens, Cyathea, Cyathea austrosinica, Cyathea boninsimensis, Cyathea confucii, Cyathea decipiens, Cyathea fauriei, Cyathea spinulosa, Cyathea taiwaniana, Hemitelia beddomei, Hemitelia boninsimensis, Hemitelia decipiens

Large Spiny Tree Fern is an exotic fern. Large Spiny Tree Fern can be grown as a houseplant or conservatory plant.

Berberis vulgaris — Barberry

Common names: Barberry

Synonyms: Berberis racemosa

Barberry is a rare suckering spiny or prickly broadleaved flowering hedgerow shrub. Barberry has particular value for wildlife. Its berries provide food for wildlife and humans. Can be used as a garden hedge. Barberry is considered an archaeophyte, having been introduced to Britain in ancient times.

Betula pendula — Silver Birch

Common names: Silver Birch

Synonyms: Betula alba

Silver Birch is a smallish broadleaved tree. Silver Birch is suited to acidic soils.

Betula pubescens — Downy Birch

Common names: Downy Birch

Synonyms: Betula alba

Downy Birch is a smallish broadleaved tree. Downy Birch is tolerant of wet ground. Downy Birch is suited to acidic soils.

Buxus sempervirens — Box

Common names: Box

Synonyms: Buxus angustifolia, Buxus arborescens, Buxus argentea, Buxus aurea, Buxus caucasica, Buxus colchica, Buxus crispa, Buxus cucullata, Buxus elegantissima, Buxus fruticosa, Buxus handsworthii, Buxus hyrcana, Buxus marginata, Buxus mucronata, Buxus myrtifolia, Buxus rosmarinifolia, Buxus salicifolia, Buxus suffruticosa, Buxus tenuifolia, Buxus vulgaris

Box is a smallish broadleaved hedgerow shrub. Box is suited to limestone soils. Very shade tolerant. Box has particular value for wildlife. Can be used as a garden hedge.

Carpinus betulus — Hornbeam

Common names: Hornbeam

Synonyms: Carpinus carpinizza, Carpinus caucasica, Carpinus compressus, Carpinus intermedia, Carpinus nervata, Carpinus pendula, Carpinus quercifolia, Carpinus sepium, Carpinus subcordifolia, Carpinus ulmifolia, Carpinus ulmoides, Carpinus vulgaris

Hornbeam is a broadleaved hedgerow tree. Hornbeam is suited to limestone soils. Very shade tolerant. Hornbeam has particular value for wildlife. Hornbeam can be used for timber production. Can be used as a garden hedge.

Castanea sativa — Sweet chestnut

Common names: Sweet chestnut

Synonyms: Castanea castanea, Castanea vesca, Castanea vulgaris, Fagus castanea, Fagus procera

Sweet chestnut is a broadleaved tree. Sweet chestnut has particular value for wildlife. Its nuts provide food for wildlife and humans. Sweet chestnut can be used for timber production. Sweet chestnut is suitable for coppice woodland.

Chamaecyparis lawsoniana — Lawson cypress

Common names: Lawson cypress

Synonyms: Chamaecyparis alba-spica, Chamaecyparis allumii, Chamaecyparis boursieri, Chamaecyparis lawsonii, Chamaecyparis minima-glauca, Cupressus fragrans, Cupressus lawsoniana, Cupressus nutkanus, Retinispora fraseri, Retinispora lawsoniana

Lawson cypress is an evergreen conifer. Lawson cypress can be used for timber production. Can be used as a garden hedge.

Cornus sanguinea — Common Dogwood

Common names: Common Dogwood, Dogwood

Synonyms: Swida sanguinea, Thelycrania sanguinea

Dogwood is a suckering smallish broadleaved hedgerow shrub. Dogwood is suited to limestone soils. Dogwood has particular value for wildlife. Its berries provide food for wildlife. Can be used as a garden hedge. Dogwood is suitable for coppice woodland.

Corylus avellana — Hazel

Common names: Hazel

Synonyms: Corylus avellana subsp. sylvestris, Corylus avellana var. sylvestris, Corylus sylvestris

Hazel is a smallish broadleaved flowering hedgerow shrub. Hazel is suited to acidic soils. Very shade tolerant. Hazel has particular value for wildlife. Its nuts provide food for wildlife and humans. Can be used as a garden hedge. Hazel is suitable for coppice woodland.

Crataegus laevigata — Midland Hawthorn

Common names: Midland Hawthorn, Midland Thorn

Synonyms: Crataegus ariifolia, Crataegus coriacea, Crataegus cuneatotrifida, Crataegus laevigata var. vulgaris, Crataegus monogyna var. rosea, Crataegus oxyacantha, Crataegus oxyacantha f. laevigata, Crataegus oxyacantha subsp. laevigata, Crataegus oxyacantha var. laevigata, Crataegus oxyacanthoides, Crataegus oxyacanthoides var. laevigata, Crataegus palmstruchii, Crataegus sorbifolia, Crataegus spinosa, Crataegus subinermis, Crataegus walokochiana, Mespilus digyna, Mespilus intermedia, Mespilus laevigata, Mespilus oxyacantha, Mespilus oxyacanthoides, Mespilus sorbifolia, Oxyacantha matthioli, Oxyacantha monogyna var. rosea, Oxyacantha obtusata, Oxyacantha vulgaris

Midland Hawthorn is a spiny or prickly smallish broadleaved flowering hedgerow shrub. Very shade tolerant. Midland Hawthorn has particular value for wildlife. Its berries provide food for wildlife. Can be used as a garden hedge. Midland Hawthorn is considered an archaeophyte, having been introduced to Britain in ancient times.

Crataegus monogyna — Common Hawthorn

Common names: Common Hawthorn, Hawthorn, Quickthorn

Synonyms: Azarolus maroccana, Crataegus apiifolia, Crataegus oxyacantha subsp. monogyna, Crataegus oxyacantha var. monogyna, Mespilus apiifolia, Mespilus fissa, Mespilus insengae, Mespilus maroccana, Mespilus maura, Mespilus monogyna, Mespilus oxyacantha var. monogyna, Mespilus pectinata, Mespilus polyacantha, Mespilus triloba, Oxyacantha apiifolia, Oxyacantha azarella, Oxyacantha elegans, Oxyacantha monogyna

Hawthorn is a spiny or prickly smallish broadleaved flowering hedgerow shrub. Hawthorn has particular value for wildlife. Its berries provide food for wildlife. Can be used as a garden hedge.

Cryptomeria japonica — Japanese red-cedar

Common names: Japanese red-cedar

Synonyms: Cryptomeria araucarioides, Cryptomeria compacta, Cryptomeria elegans, Cryptomeria fortunei, Cryptomeria generalis, Cryptomeria kawaii, Cryptomeria lobbiana, Cryptomeria lobbii, Cryptomeria lycopodioides, Cryptomeria mairei, Cryptomeria mucronata, Cryptomeria nana, Cryptomeria nigricans, Cryptomeria pungens, Cryptomeria variegata, Cryptomeria viridis, Cupressus japonica, Cupressus mairei, Schubertia japonica, Taxodium japonicum

Japanese red-cedar is an exotic evergreen conifer. Japanese red-cedar can be used for timber production.

Cytisus scoparius — Broom

Common names: Broom, Common Broom

Synonyms: Corema scoparium, Cytisogenista scoparia, Genista scoparia, Genista vulgaris, Sarothamnus scoparius, Sarothamnus vulgaris, Spartium scoparium

Broom is a poisonous flowering hedgerow shrub.

Daphne laureola — Spurge Laurel

Common names: Spurge Laurel, Spurge-laurel

Synonyms: Thymelaea laureola

Spurge-laurel is a rare poisonous evergreen smallish broadleaved flowering hedgerow shrub. Spurge-laurel is suited to limestone soils.

Daphne mezereum — Mezereon

Common names: Mezereon

Synonyms: Thymelaea mezereum

Mezereon is a rare poisonous evergreen broadleaved flowering hedgerow shrub. Mezereon is suited to limestone soils.

Dicksonia fibrosa — golden tree fern

Common names: golden tree fern, Wheki ponga Tree Fern

Synonyms: Balantium fibrosum, Dicksonia antarctica, Dicksonia microcarpa, Dicksonia sparmanniana

Wheki ponga Tree Fern is an exotic fern. Wheki ponga Tree Fern can be grown as a houseplant or conservatory plant.

Euonymus europaeus — Clockmakers peg wood

Common names: Clockmakers peg wood, Spindle

Synonyms: Euonymus angustifolius, Euonymus bulgaricus, Euonymus czernjaevii, Euonymus fibrillifer, Euonymus flavescens, Euonymus floribundus, Euonymus latifolius, Euonymus medirossicus, Euonymus medius, Euonymus moldavicus, Euonymus multiflorus, Euonymus odessanus, Euonymus pubescens, Euonymus quadrigonus, Euonymus suberosus, Euonymus vulgaris

Spindle is a smallish broadleaved flowering hedgerow shrub. Very shade tolerant. Spindle has particular value for wildlife. Its berries provide food for wildlife. Can be used as a garden hedge. Spindle is suitable for coppice woodland.

Fagus sylvatica — Beech

Common names: Beech

Synonyms: Castanea fagus, Fagus aspleniifolia, Fagus cochleata, Fagus comptoniifolia, Fagus cuprea, Fagus echinata, Fagus incisa, Fagus laciniata, Fagus moesiaca, Fagus purpurea, Fagus tortuosa

Beech is a broadleaved tree. Very shade tolerant. Beech has particular value for wildlife. Beech can be used for timber production. Can be used as a garden hedge.

Frangula alnus — Alder buckthorn

Common names: Alder buckthorn, Frangula

Synonyms: Frangula dodonei, Frangula vulgaris, Rhamnus frangula

Alder buckthorn is a smallish broadleaved flowering hedgerow shrub. Alder buckthorn is tolerant of wet ground. Alder buckthorn is suited to acidic soils. Very shade tolerant. Alder buckthorn has particular value for wildlife. Its berries provide food for wildlife. Alder buckthorn is suitable for coppice woodland.

Fraxinus excelsior — Ash

Common names: Ash

Ash is a broadleaved tree. Ash can be used for timber production.

Gymnosphaera podophylla — Dwarf Tree Fern

Common names: Dwarf Tree Fern

Synonyms: Alsophila kohchangensis, Alsophila podophylla, Alsophila rheosora, Cyathea, Cyathea kohchangensis, Cyathea podophylla, Cyathea rheosora, Dryopteris subconjuncta

Dwarf Tree Fern is a rare exotic fern. Dwarf Tree Fern can be grown as a houseplant or conservatory plant.

Hippophae rhamnoides — Sea buckthorn

Common names: Sea buckthorn

Synonyms: Argussiera rhamnoides, Elaeagnus rhamnoides, Hippophae littoralis, Hippophaes rhamnoideum, Osyris rhamnoides, Rhamnoides hippophae

Sea buckthorn is a suckering spiny or prickly smallish broadleaved flowering hedgerow shrub. Sea buckthorn is suited to limestone soils. Sea buckthorn has particular value for wildlife. Its berries provide food for wildlife and humans. Can be used as a garden hedge.

Ilex aquifolium — Holly

Common names: Holly

Synonyms: Aquifolium croceum, Aquifolium ferox, Aquifolium heterophyllum, Aquifolium ilex, Aquifolium lanceolatum, Aquifolium planifolium, Aquifolium spinosum, Aquifolium undulatum, Aquifolium vulgare, Ilex aquifolium var. vulgaris, Ilex balearica, Ilex bromeliifolia, Ilex chrysocarpa, Ilex ciliata, Ilex citriocarpa, Ilex crassifolia, Ilex echinata, Ilex ferox, Ilex fischeri, Ilex maderensis, Ilex myrtifolia, Ilex nigricans, Ilex perado, Ilex platyphylla, Ilex sempervirens, lex vulgaris

Holly is a spiny or prickly evergreen smallish broadleaved flowering hedgerow shrub. Very shade tolerant. Holly has particular value for wildlife. Its berries provide food for wildlife. Can be used as a garden hedge.

Juglans nigra — Black walnut

Common names: Black walnut

Synonyms: Juglans pitteursii, Juglans rugosa, Wallia nigra

Black walnut is a broadleaved tree. Black walnut can be used for timber production.

Juglans regia — Common walnut

Common names: Common walnut, Walnut

Synonyms: Juglans arguta, Juglans asplenifolia, Juglans dissecta, Juglans duclouxiana, Juglans fallax, Juglans fertilis, Juglans filicifolia, Juglans frutescens, Juglans fruticosa, Juglans heterophylla, Juglans kamaonia, Juglans laciniata, Juglans longirostris, Juglans monophylla, Juglans orientis, Juglans pendula, Juglans praematuriens, Juglans quercifolia, Juglans salicifolia, Juglans sinensis, Regia maxima

Common walnut is a broadleaved tree. Common walnut has particular value for wildlife. Its nuts provide food for wildlife and humans. Common walnut can be used for timber production.

Juniperus communis — Juniper

Common names: Juniper

Juniper is a spiny or prickly evergreen conifer shrub. Juniper has particular value for wildlife. Its berries provide food for wildlife.

Juniperus communis subsp. hemisphaerica — Cornish Juniper

Common names: Cornish Juniper

Synonyms: Juniperus communis var. hemisphaerica

Cornish Juniper is a rare evergreen conifer shrub. Cornish Juniper has particular value for wildlife. Its berries provide food for wildlife.

Larix decidua — European larch

Common names: European larch

Synonyms: Abies larix, Larix communis, Larix larix, Larix pyramidalis, Larix vulgaris, Peuce larix, Picea larix, Pinus laeta, Pinus larix

European larch is a conifer. European larch can be used for timber production.

Larix kaempferi — Japanese larch

Common names: Japanese larch

Synonyms: Abies kaempferi, Abies leptolepis, Laricopsis kaempferi, Larix japonica, Larix leptolepis, Larix orientalis, Pinus japonica, Pinus kaempferi, Pinus leptolepis, Pinus nummularia, Pseudolarix kaempferi

Japanese larch is a conifer. Japanese larch can be used for timber production.

Larix x eurolepis — Hybrid larch

Common names: Hybrid larch

Synonyms: L. decidua × L. kaempferi, Larix × henryana, Larix × hybrida, Larix × marschlinsii

Hybrid larch is a conifer. Hybrid larch can be used for timber production.

Ligustrum vulgare — Privet

Common names: Privet, Wild Privet

Synonyms: Ligustrum album, Ligustrum angustifolium, Ligustrum decipiens, Ligustrum insulare, Ligustrum insulense, Ligustrum italicum, Ligustrum lodense, Ligustrum oviforme, Ligustrum sempervirens, Ligustrum vicinum, Olea humilis

Wild Privet is an evergreen smallish broadleaved flowering hedgerow shrub. Wild Privet is tolerant of wet ground. Wild Privet is suited to limestone soils. Very shade tolerant. Wild Privet has particular value for wildlife. Its berries provide food for wildlife. Can be used as a garden hedge.

Lonicera periclymenum — Honeysuckle

Common names: Honeysuckle

Synonyms: Caprifolium periclymenum, Periclymenum vulgare

Honeysuckle is a poisonous climbing flowering hedgerow shrub. Very shade tolerant. Honeysuckle has particular value for wildlife. Its berries provide food for wildlife.

Malus sylvestris — Crab apple

Common names: Crab apple

Synonyms: Crataegus grata, Malus acerba, Malus aprilovii, Malus barcinonensis, Malus bulgarica, Malus rhodopaea, Pyrus acerba, Pyrus agriomelos, Pyrus malus, Pyrus pomum, Pyrus sylvestris

Crab apple is a spiny or prickly smallish broadleaved hedgerow flowering tree. Crab apple has particular value for wildlife. Crab apple produces edible fruit.

Mespilus germanica — Medlar

Common names: Medlar

Synonyms: Crataegus germanica, Crataegus mespilus, Mespilus abortiva, Mespilus apyrena, Mespilus calicina, Mespilus communis, Mespilus domestica, Mespilus macrocarpa, Mespilus portentosa, Mespilus pubescens, Mespilus sylvestris, Mespilus vulgaris, Ostinia mespylus, Pyrus germanica

Medlar is a spiny or prickly smallish broadleaved flowering hedgerow shrub. Medlar has particular value for wildlife. Medlar produces edible fruit. Can be used as a garden hedge. Medlar is considered an archaeophyte, having been introduced to Britain in ancient times.

Myrica gale — Bog myrtle

Common names: Bog myrtle

Synonyms: Gale belgica, Gale commune, Gale japonica, Gale palustris, Gale portugalensis, Gale uliginosa, Myrica algarbiensis, Myrica brabantica, Myrica palustris, Myrica rothmaleriana, Myrica tomentosa, Myrica uchanovii, Myrtus brabantica

Bog myrtle is a broadleaved flowering shrub. Bog myrtle is tolerant of wet ground.

Nothofagus obliqua — Patagonian oak

Common names: Patagonian oak, Roble, Roble beech

Synonyms: Fagus obliqua, Fagus procera, Fagus valdiviana, Lophozonia heterocarpa, Lophozonia obliqua, Nothofagus valdiviana

Roble is an exotic broadleaved tree. Roble can be used for timber production.

Picea abies — Norway spruce

Common names: Norway spruce

Synonyms: Abies abies, Abies communis, Abies picea, Picea rubens, Picea rubra, Pinus abies, Pinus pyramidalis

Norway spruce is an evergreen conifer. Norway spruce has particular value for wildlife. Norway spruce can be used for timber production.

Picea sitchensis — Sitka spruce

Common names: Sitka spruce

Synonyms: Abies falcata, Abies menziesii, Abies merkiana, Abies sitchensis, Abies trigona, Picea falcata, Picea grandis, Picea menziesii, Pinus menziesii, Pinus sitchensis, Sequoia rafinesquei, Tsuga sitchensis

Sitka spruce is an evergreen conifer. Sitka spruce can be used for timber production.

Pinus contorta — Lodgepole pine

Common names: Lodgepole pine

Lodgepole pine is an evergreen conifer. Lodgepole pine can be used for timber production.

Pinus peuce — Macedonian pine

Common names: Macedonian pine

Synonyms: Pinus cembra var. fruticosa, Pinus excelsa var. peuce, Strobus peuce

Macedonian pine is an evergreen conifer. Macedonian pine can be used for timber production.

Pinus sylvestris — Scots pine

Common names: Scots pine

Synonyms: Pinus borealis

Scots pine is an evergreen conifer. Scots pine has particular value for wildlife. Scots pine can be used for timber production.

Populus nigra subsp. betulifolia — Black Poplar

Common names: Black Poplar, Native Black Poplar

Synonyms: Populus betulifolia, Populus nigra f. betulifolia, Populus nigra var. betulifolia

Black Poplar is a rare broadleaved flowering tree. Black Poplar is tolerant of wet ground. Black Poplar has particular value for wildlife. Black Poplar can be used for timber production.

Populus tremula — Aspen

Common names: Aspen, Aspen Poplar

Synonyms: Populus australis, Populus bonatii, Populus cilicica, Populus davidiana, Populus duclouxiana, Populus jesoensis, Populus microcarpa, Populus monticola, Populus nigrotremula, Populus oxyodonta, Populus pseudotremula, Populus repanda, Populus rotundifolia, Populus sieboldii, Populus stricta, Populus supina, Populus tremuloides var. sieboldii, Populus villosa, Populus wutaica, Tremula vulgaris

Aspen is a suckering broadleaved tree. Aspen is tolerant of wet ground. Aspen has particular value for wildlife. Aspen can be used for timber production.

Prunus avium — Gean

Common names: Gean, Wild cherry

Synonyms: Cerasus anglica, Cerasus arduennensis, Cerasus avicularis, Cerasus avium, Cerasus bigarella, Cerasus caproniana, Cerasus decumana, Cerasus dulcis, Cerasus duracina, Cerasus heaumiana, Cerasus hortensis, Cerasus juliana, Cerasus nigra, Cerasus nigricans, Cerasus pallida, Cerasus regalis, Cerasus sativa, Cerasus sylvestris, Cerasus tenera, Cerasus varia, Druparia avium, Prunus cerasus subsp. avium, Prunus cerasus var. avium, Prunus dulcis, Prunus duracina, Prunus juliana, Prunus nigricans, Prunus rubra, Prunus varia

Wild cherry is a smallish broadleaved hedgerow flowering tree. Wild cherry is suited to acidic soils. Wild cherry has particular value for wildlife. Its berries provide food for wildlife and humans. Wild cherry can be used for timber production. Wild cherry is suitable for coppice woodland.

Prunus domestica subsp. insititia — Bullace

Common names: Bullace, Damson

Synonyms: Prunus communis subsp. insititia, Prunus communis var. insititia, Prunus insititia

Damson is a suckering spiny or prickly smallish broadleaved flowering hedgerow shrub. Damson has particular value for wildlife. Its berries provide food for wildlife and humans. Damson is considered an archaeophyte, having been introduced to Britain in ancient times.

Prunus padus — Bird cherry

Common names: Bird cherry

Synonyms: Cerasus padus, Cerasus racemosa, Druparia padus, Padus avium, Padus racemosa, Prunus racemosa

Bird cherry is a smallish broadleaved hedgerow flowering tree. Bird cherry is tolerant of wet ground. Bird cherry is suited to acidic soils. Bird cherry has particular value for wildlife. Its berries provide food for wildlife. Can be used as a garden hedge.

Prunus spinosa — Blackthorn

Common names: Blackthorn, Sloe

Synonyms: Druparia spinosa, Prunus acacia, Prunus amygdaliformis, Prunus communis, Prunus communis subsp. spinosa, Prunus communis var. spinosa, Prunus curdica, Prunus densa, Prunus densiflora, Prunus ericiflora, Prunus glomerata, Prunus kurdica, Prunus lamottei, Prunus lucens, Prunus moldavica, Prunus ovata, Prunus parviflora, Prunus platyphylla, Prunus podolica, Prunus polymorpha spinosa, Prunus spinosa subsp. euspinosa, Prunus stenopetala, Prunus stepposa, Prunus subcylindracea, Prunus subvillosa, Prunus tardeflorens, Prunus vinariensis, Prunus virgata, Prunus vulgatior, Rhamnus saxatilis

Blackthorn is a suckering spiny or prickly broadleaved flowering hedgerow shrub. Blackthorn has particular value for wildlife. Its berries provide food for wildlife and humans. Can be used as a garden hedge.

Pseudotsuga menziesii — Douglas fir

Common names: Douglas fir

Synonyms: Abies menziesii

Douglas fir is an evergreen conifer. Douglas fir can be used for timber production.

Pyrus communis — Pear

Common names: Pear

Synonyms: Malus communis, Sorbus pyrus

Pear is a smallish broadleaved hedgerow flowering tree. Pear has particular value for wildlife. Pear produces edible fruit. Pear is considered an archaeophyte, having been introduced to Britain in ancient times.

Pyrus cordata — Plymouth Pear

Common names: Plymouth Pear

Synonyms: Pyrus communis f. briggsii, Pyrus communis f. cordata, Pyrus communis subsp. cordata, Pyrus communis var. briggsii, Pyrus communis var. cordata, Pyrus cordata subsp. briggsii, Pyrus pyraster var. cordata

Plymouth Pear is a rare smallish broadleaved hedgerow flowering tree. Plymouth Pear is suited to acidic soils. Plymouth Pear has particular value for wildlife. Plymouth Pear produces edible fruit.

Pyrus pyraster — Wild Pear

Common names: Wild Pear

Wild Pear is a rare smallish broadleaved hedgerow flowering tree. Wild Pear has particular value for wildlife. Wild Pear produces edible fruit. Wild Pear is considered an archaeophyte, having been introduced to Britain in ancient times.

Quercus petraea — Cornish oak

Common names: Cornish oak, Durmast oak, Irish oak, Sessile oak, Welsh oak

Synonyms: Quercus petraea f. normalis, Quercus petraea subf. normalis, Quercus robur var. petraea

Sessile oak is a broadleaved tree. Sessile oak has particular value for wildlife. Sessile oak can be used for timber production. Sessile oak is suitable for coppice woodland.

Quercus robur — English oak

Common names: English oak, Pedunculate oak

Synonyms: Quercus longaeva, Quercus robur subsp. eurobur, Quercus robur subsp. longipeduncula, Quercus robur var. typica, Quercus robur var. vulgaris, Quercus vulgaris

English oak is a broadleaved tree. English oak has particular value for wildlife. English oak can be used for timber production. English oak is suitable for coppice woodland.

Quercus rubra — Red oak

Common names: Red oak

Synonyms: Erythrobalanus rubra, Quercus acerifolia, Quercus ambigua, Quercus angulizana, Quercus borealis, Quercus coccinea var. ambigua, Quercus maxima, Quercus michauxii, Quercus sada

Red oak is a broadleaved tree. Red oak can be used for timber production.

Rhamnus cathartica — Common buckthorn

Common names: Common buckthorn, Purging buckthorn

Synonyms: Cervispina cathartica, Rhamnus uninervis

Purging buckthorn is a spiny or prickly smallish broadleaved flowering hedgerow shrub. Purging buckthorn is suited to limestone soils. Purging buckthorn has particular value for wildlife. Its berries provide food for wildlife. Can be used as a garden hedge.

Rosa arvensis — Field Rose

Common names: Field Rose

Synonyms: Ripartia arvensis, Ripartia baldensis, Ripartia repens, Rosa arvensis var. globosa, Rosa baldensis, Rosa bedoei, Rosa brippii, Rosa capreolata, Rosa commiserata, Rosa conspicua, Rosa dierbachiana, Rosa erronea, Rosa fastigiata, Rosa glandulifera, Rosa glauca, Rosa halleri, Rosa herporhodon, Rosa macrostylis, Rosa ovata, Rosa ovatocordata, Rosa paradoxa, Rosa phalacropoda, Rosa repens, Rosa reptans, Rosa rothii, Rosa scandens, Rosa sempervirens subsp. arvensis, Rosa seperina, Rosa serpens, Rosa stylosa, Rosa sylvestris, Rosa transalpina

Field Rose is a climbing spiny or prickly flowering hedgerow shrub. Very shade tolerant. Field Rose has particular value for wildlife. Its berries provide food for wildlife.

Rosa canina — Dog Rose

Common names: Dog Rose

Synonyms: Crepinia aciphylla, Crepinia canina, Crepinia lemaitrei, Crepinia myrtilloides, Crepinia psilophylla, Crepinia subnitens, Crepinia surculosa, Crepinia venosa, Rosa aciphylla, Rosa actinodroma, Rosa adenocalyx, Rosa adscita, Rosa afzeliana, Rosa agraria, Rosa agrestina, Rosa albolutescens, Rosa amansii, Rosa ambigua, Rosa amphibola, Rosa ancarensis, Rosa armata, Rosa armoricana, Rosa aspratilis, Rosa biserratoides, Rosa calvatostyla, Rosa caucasea, Rosa caucasica, Rosa chaboissaei, Rosa ciliatosepala, Rosa cinerascens, Rosa cinerosa, Rosa cladoleia, Rosa collina, Rosa communis, Rosa condensata, Rosa controversa, Rosa cuneata, Rosa curticola, Rosa didoensis, Rosa dilucida, Rosa disparilis, Rosa dollineriana, Rosa dolosa, Rosa dumalis, Rosa dumosa, Rosa edita, Rosa eriostyla, Rosa erythrantha, Rosa erythrella, Rosa exilis, Rosa fallax, Rosa fallens, Rosa filiformis, Rosa firma, Rosa firmula, Rosa fissispina, Rosa flavidifolia, Rosa flexibilis, Rosa flexuosa, Rosa fraxinoides, Rosa frivaldskyi, Rosa frondosa, Rosa generalis, Rosa glaberrima, Rosa glaucescens, Rosa glaucina, Rosa globularis, Rosa hailstonii, Rosa heterostyla, Rosa hirsuta, Rosa hirtella, Rosa horridula, Rosa inclinata, Rosa inconspicua, Rosa intercedens, Rosa istriaca, Rosa istrica, Rosa kalmiussica, Rosa keissleriana, Rosa laxifolia, Rosa lemaitrei, Rosa leucantha, Rosa levistyla, Rosa lioclada, Rosa litigiosa, Rosa lonaczevskii, Rosa longituba, Rosa ludibunda, Rosa lutetiana, Rosa luxemburgiana, Rosa macroacantha, Rosa macrocarpa, Rosa maeotica, Rosa maialis, Rosa marisensis, Rosa mediata, Rosa medioxima, Rosa mexicana, Rosa mollardiana, Rosa montezumae, Rosa montivaga, Rosa mucronulata, Rosa mygindii, Rosa myrtilloides, Rosa nemophila, Rosa nervulosa, Rosa nitens, Rosa novella, Rosa oblongata, Rosa obtusa, Rosa occulta, Rosa ochroleuca, Rosa oenensis, Rosa oenophora, Rosa ololeia, Rosa oreades, Rosa orthacantha, Rosa oxyphylla, Rosa penchinatii, Rosa permiscibilis, Rosa pocutica, Rosa podolica, Rosa polyodon, Rosa porrectidens, Rosa praeterita, Rosa pratincola, Rosa propinqua, Rosa prutensis, Rosa pseudoblondeana, Rosa psilophylla, Rosa ramosissima, Rosa raui, Rosa reboudiana, Rosa retusa, Rosa roffavieri, Rosa rorida, Rosa rougeonensis, Rosa rousselii, Rosa rubelliflora, Rosa rubescens, Rosa sarmentacea, Rosa sarmentoides, Rosa sazilliacensis, Rosa semibiserrata, Rosa senticosa, Rosa separabilis, Rosa sepium, Rosa seposita, Rosa simplicidens, Rosa slobodjanii, Rosa sosnovskyana, Rosa sosnovskyi, Rosa sphaerica, Rosa sphaeroidea, Rosa spinetorum, Rosa spuria, Rosa squarrosa, Rosa stenocarpa, Rosa stipularis, Rosa stohlii, Rosa subertii, Rosa subsystyiis, Rosa surculosa, Rosa sylvularum, Rosa syntrichostyla, Rosa systyla, Rosa systylomorpha, Rosa timbaliana, Rosa timeroyi, Rosa tomentella, Rosa tomentelliformis, Rosa touranginiana, Rosa transitoria, Rosa transsilvanica, Rosa trichoneura, Rosa tyraica, Rosa umbellata, Rosa urbica, Rosa venosa, Rosa verlotii, Rosa villosiuscula, Rosa vinacea, Rosa vinealis, Rosa vinetorum, Rosa viridicata, Rosa vosagiaca var. curticola, Rosa wettsteinii, Rosa willibaldii

Dog Rose is a climbing spiny or prickly flowering hedgerow shrub. Dog Rose has particular value for wildlife. Its berries provide food for wildlife and humans.

Rosa micrantha — Small-flowered Sweet-briar

Common names: Small-flowered Sweet-briar

Synonyms: Chabertia discedens, Chabertia hungarica, Chabertia lemanii, Chabertia micrantha, Rosa bordzilowskii, Rosa candida, Rosa canescens, Rosa canina var. avelloi, Rosa caryophyllacea, Rosa chomutoviensis, Rosa delphinensis, Rosa diachylon, Rosa diminuta, Rosa eglanteria var. nemoralis, Rosa elliptica subsp. subeglanteria, Rosa escurialensis, Rosa ferociformis, Rosa heteroclita, Rosa hirciana, Rosa hispanica f. escurialensis, Rosa hispanica var. escurialensis, Rosa histrix, Rosa horrida subsp. permixta, Rosa hungarica, Rosa inodora var. minor, Rosa klukii var. subcalvescens, Rosa lactiflora, Rosa lantoscana, Rosa lemanii, Rosa libertiana, Rosa lusseri, Rosa meridionalis, Rosa monroyi, Rosa mukatscheviensis, Rosa nemorosa, Rosa oblongicalyx, Rosa oblongifolia, Rosa operta, Rosa permixta, Rosa perparva, Rosa polyacantha, Rosa pommaretii, Rosa pouzinii var. escurialensis, Rosa psammophila, Rosa rubiginosa subsp. micrantha, Rosa rubiginosa var. micrantha, Rosa salvanensis, Rosa sepium subsp. micrantha, Rosa sepium var. lemanii, Rosa septicola, Rosa septicoloides, Rosa similata var. reichenbachiana, Rosa sphaerophora, Rosa subspoliata, Rosa tomentosa subsp. micrantha, Rosa trinacriae, Rosa viscaria subsp. micrantha, Rosa viscida

Small-flowered Sweet-briar is a climbing spiny or prickly flowering hedgerow shrub. Small-flowered Sweet-briar has particular value for wildlife. Its berries provide food for wildlife.

Rosa spinosissima — Burnet Rose

Common names: Burnet Rose

Synonyms: Rosa pimpinellifolia subsp. spinosissima, Rosa pimpinellifolia var. spinosissima

Burnet Rose is a climbing spiny or prickly flowering hedgerow shrub. Burnet Rose is suited to limestone soils. Burnet Rose has particular value for wildlife.

Ruscus aculeatus — Butchers-broom

Common names: Butchers-broom

Synonyms: Oxymyrsine pungens, Ruscus aculeatus f. pumilus, Ruscus aculeatus subsp. laxus, Ruscus aculeatus subsp. ponticus, Ruscus aculeatus var. angustifolius, Ruscus aculeatus var. laxus, Ruscus dumosus, Ruscus flexuosus, Ruscus laxus, Ruscus parasiticus, Ruscus ponticus

Butchers-broom is a suckering spiny or prickly evergreen broadleaved flowering hedgerow shrub. Butchers-broom is suited to limestone soils. Very shade tolerant. Butchers-broom has particular value for wildlife. Its berries provide food for wildlife.

Salix aurita — Eared willow

Common names: Eared willow

Synonyms: Capraea aurita, Salix ambigua, Salix aquatica, Salix caprea subsp. aurita, Salix cinnamomea, Salix cladostema, Salix conformis, Salix heterophylla, Salix iserana, Salix limnogena, Salix livida, Salix paludosa, Salix patzei, Salix rugosa, Salix spiraeifolia, Salix uliginosa, Salix ulmifolia, Salix versifolia, Usionis aurita, Usionis uliginosa

Eared willow is a smallish broadleaved flowering hedgerow shrub. Eared willow is tolerant of wet ground. Eared willow is suited to acidic soils. Eared willow has particular value for wildlife. Eared willow is suitable for coppice woodland.

Salix caprea — Goat willow

Common names: Goat willow, Great sallow, Pussy willow

Synonyms: Amerina tomentosa, Capraea vulgaris, Nectopix caprea, Nectopix sphacelata, Salix aquatica, Salix aurigerana, Salix bakko, Salix caprea var. tomentosa, Salix caprina, Salix coaetanea, Salix grandifolia, Salix hallaisanensis, Salix hultenii, Salix idae, Salix ishidoyana, Salix lanata, Salix praecox, Salix raddeana var. subglabra, Salix silesiaca, Salix sphacelata, Salix tomentosa

Goat willow is a broadleaved hedgerow flowering tree. Goat willow is tolerant of wet ground. Goat willow is suited to acidic soils. Goat willow has particular value for wildlife. Goat willow is suitable for coppice woodland.

Salix cinerea — Common sallow

Common names: Common sallow, Grey sallow, Grey willow

Synonyms: Capraea acuminata, Capraea cinerea, Salix acuminata, Salix ambigua, Salix aquatica, Salix aurita var. cinerea, Salix caprea var. variegata, Salix carinthiaca, Salix constricta, Salix discolor, Salix dubia, Salix dumetorum, Salix guseniensis, Salix hoffmanniana, Salix incanescens, Salix lutescens, Salix phlomoides, Salix polymorpha, Salix rothii, Salix spadicea, Salix timmii, Salix tortuosa, Salix vaudensis, Usionis aquatica, Vimen acuminata, Vimen cinerea

Grey willow is a smallish broadleaved flowering hedgerow shrub. Grey willow is tolerant of wet ground. Grey willow is suited to acidic soils. Grey willow has particular value for wildlife. Grey willow is suitable for coppice woodland.

Salix purpurea — Purple Osier

Common names: Purple Osier, Purple willow

Synonyms: Knafia purpurea, Salix helix var. purpurea, Salix monandra, Salix monandra var. purpurea, Vetrix purpurea

Purple willow is a smallish broadleaved flowering hedgerow shrub. Purple willow is tolerant of wet ground. Purple willow has particular value for wildlife. Can be used as a garden hedge. Purple willow is suitable for coppice woodland.

Salix repens — Creeping willow

Common names: Creeping willow

Synonyms: Salix depressa var. repens, Salix fusca var. glabrata, Salix fusca var. repens, Salix repens var. glabrata, Vimen repens

Creeping willow is a prostrate broadleaved flowering shrub. Creeping willow is tolerant of wet ground. Creeping willow is suited to acidic soils. Creeping willow has particular value for wildlife.

Salix viminalis — Basket willow

Common names: Basket willow, Common osier, Osier

Synonyms: Diplima viminalis, Salix capraeformis, Salix longifolia, Salix nitens, Salix polia, Salix rossica, Salix rufescens, Salix serotina, Salix splendens, Salix strobilacea, Salix viadrina, Salix viminalis var. genuina, Salix virescens

Osier is a smallish broadleaved flowering hedgerow shrub. Osier is tolerant of wet ground. Osier has particular value for wildlife. Can be used as a garden hedge. Osier is suitable for coppice woodland.

Sambucus nigra — Black elder

Common names: Black elder, Elder, Elderberry, Elderflower, European black elderberry, European elder, European elderberry

Synonyms: Sambucus alba, Sambucus arborescens, Sambucus aurea, Sambucus columnaris, Sambucus dissecta, Sambucus elegans, Sambucus floribunda, Sambucus florida, Sambucus hirta, Sambucus laciniata, Sambucus leucocarpa, Sambucus linearis, Sambucus lucida, Sambucus medullosa, Sambucus monstrosa, Sambucus pulverulenta, Sambucus pyramidata, Sambucus rotundifolia, Sambucus virescens, Sambucus vulgaris

Elder is a smallish broadleaved flowering hedgerow shrub. Very shade tolerant. Elder has particular value for wildlife. Its berries provide food for wildlife and humans. Can be used as a garden hedge.

Sequoia sempervirens — California redwood

Common names: California redwood, Coast redwood, Coastal redwood

Synonyms: Condylocarpus sempervirens, Gigantabies taxifolia, Schubertia sempervirens, Sequoia pyramidata, Sequoia religiosa, Sequoia taxifolia, Steinhauera sempervirens, Taxodium nutkaense, Taxodium sempervirens

Coast redwood is an exotic evergreen conifer. Coast redwood can be used for timber production.

Sequoiadendron giganteum — Giant redwood

Common names: Giant redwood, Giant sequoia, Sierra redwood, Wellingtonia

Synonyms: Americus gigantea, Gigantabies wellingtoniana, Sequoia gigantea, Sequoia washingtoniana, Sequoia wellingtonia, Steinhauera gigantea, Taxodium giganteum, Taxodium washingtonianum, Washingtonia californica, Washingtonia gigantea, Wellingtonia gigantea

Wellingtonia is an exotic evergreen conifer. Wellingtonia can be used for timber production.

Sorbus admonitor — No Parking Tree

Common names: No Parking Tree, Watersmeet Whitebeam

Synonyms: Karpatiosorbus admonitor, Pyrus admonitor

Watersmeet Whitebeam is a rare smallish broadleaved flowering tree. Watersmeet Whitebeam is suited to limestone soils. Watersmeet Whitebeam has particular value for wildlife. Its berries provide food for wildlife.

Sorbus aria — Whitebeam

Common names: Whitebeam

Synonyms: Aria, Aria edulis, Aria nivea var. edulis, Hahnia aria var. edulis, Pyrus aria proles edulis, Pyrus edulis, Sorbus aria subsp. edulis, Sorbus aria var. edulis, Sorbus edulis

Whitebeam is a smallish broadleaved flowering tree. Whitebeam is suited to limestone soils. Whitebeam has particular value for wildlife. Its berries provide food for wildlife.

Sorbus aucuparia — Mountain Ash

Common names: Mountain Ash, Rowan

Synonyms: Aucuparia pinnata, Aucuparia silvestris, Crataegus aucuparia, Mespilus aucuparia, Pyrenia aucuparia, Pyrus aucuparia

Rowan is a smallish broadleaved flowering tree. Rowan is suited to acidic soils. Rowan has particular value for wildlife. Its berries provide food for wildlife.

Sorbus devoniensis — Cornish Whitebeam

Common names: Cornish Whitebeam, Devon Whitebeam

Synonyms: Karpatiosorbus devoniensis, Pyrus devoniensis, Pyrus rotundifolia

Devon Whitebeam is a rare smallish broadleaved flowering tree. Devon Whitebeam has particular value for wildlife. Its berries provide food for wildlife.

Sorbus domestica — True Service Tree

Common names: True Service Tree

Synonyms: Cormus, Cormus domestica, Crataegus austera, Mespilus domestica, Pyrus domestica

True Service Tree is a rare smallish broadleaved flowering tree. True Service Tree is suited to limestone soils. True Service Tree has particular value for wildlife. Its berries provide food for wildlife and humans.

Sorbus torminalis — Chequers

Common names: Chequers, Wild Service Tree

Synonyms: Azarolus torminalis, Crataegus torminalis, Hahnia torminalis, Lazarolus torminalis, Malus torminalis, Mespilus torminalis, Pyrenia torminalis, Pyrus septiloba, Pyrus torminalis, Torminalis, Torminalis clusii, Torminalis glaberrima, Torminaria clusii, Torminaria vulgaris

Wild Service Tree is a suckering smallish broadleaved flowering tree. Wild Service Tree has particular value for wildlife. Its berries provide food for wildlife.

Sphaeropteris lepifera — Flying Spider-monkey Tree Fern

Common names: Flying Spider-monkey Tree Fern

Synonyms: Alsophila, Alsophila calocoma, Alsophila lepifera, Alsophila pustulosa, Cyathea, Cyathea calocoma, Cyathea lepifera, Cyathea pteridioides, Cyathea pustulosa, Cyathea umbrosa

Flying Spider-monkey Tree Fern is an exotic fern. Flying Spider-monkey Tree Fern can be grown as a houseplant or conservatory plant.

Sphaeropteris medullaris — Black Tree Fern

Common names: Black Tree Fern

Synonyms: Alsophila, Alsophila extensa, Cyathea, Cyathea cumingii, Cyathea medullaris, Cyathea polyneuron, Polypodium medullare

Black Tree Fern is an exotic fern. Black Tree Fern can be grown as a houseplant or conservatory plant.

Thuja plicata — Western red cedar

Common names: Western red cedar

Synonyms: exotic, Libocedrus craigiana, Libocedrus gigantea, Thuja asplenifolia, Thuja californica, Thuja douglasii, Thuja flabellata, Thuja gigantea, Thuja lobbiana, Thuja lobbii, Thuja lycopodioides, Thuja menziesii, Thuja occidentalis var. plicata, Thuja plicatilis, Thuja wareana

Western red cedar is an evergreen conifer. Western red cedar is suited to acidic soils. Western red cedar can be used for timber production. Can be used as a garden hedge.

Tilia cordata — Small-leaved lime

Common names: Small-leaved lime, Small-leaved linden

Small-leaved lime is a broadleaved flowering tree. Small-leaved lime is suited to limestone soils. Small-leaved lime has particular value for wildlife. Small-leaved lime is suitable for coppice woodland.

Tilia platyphyllos — Broad-leaved lime

Common names: Broad-leaved lime, Large-leaved lime, Large-leaved linden

Large-leaved lime is a broadleaved flowering tree. Large-leaved lime is suited to limestone soils. Large-leaved lime has particular value for wildlife. Large-leaved lime is suitable for coppice woodland.

Tsuga heterophylla — Western hemlock

Common names: Western hemlock

Synonyms: Abies albertiana, Abies bridgesii, Abies heterophylla, Abies microphylla, Pinus pattoniana, Tsuga albertiana

Western hemlock is an evergreen conifer. Western hemlock can be used for timber production.